Saltenna Demonstrates Cable-Free Radio Links for Subsea Communication in Recent Paper

Saltenna has published peer-reviewed field results in IEEE Xplore, investigating the use of surface-plasmon electromagnetic waves to extend radio-frequency (RF) communications in underwater environments, with experimental demonstrations achieving communication over distances many times greater than predicted by conventional bulk-water propagation models. 

The research examines the theory, modelling and observed performance of RF surface waves across three experimental scenarios. By comparing the results with theoretical estimates of signal loss through water, the study explores how surface-based electromagnetic propagation could offer new options for wireless communications in marine and subsea applications.

Exploiting surface-wave propagation

Conventional RF signals experience significant attenuation in water, particularly in conductive seawater, where ohmic losses limit the distance over which electromagnetic energy can travel. Signal strength also decreases with distance due to spherical spreading.

These constraints present challenges for underwater wireless communications, where acoustic systems are widely used but may have limitations in bandwidth, latency and operating conditions.

Saltenna's research investigates a different approach: exciting surface-plasmon electromagnetic waves that can propagate along interfaces within an underwater environment. Rather than relying solely on signals traveling through the bulk water, this mechanism could enable communications over distances that conventional propagation models would not predict. In three underwater test scenarios, communication reached distances many times the predicted bulk range, even after accounting for ohmic absorption and spherical spreading.

Potential implications for marine and subsea operations

If further validated, surface-wave RF technology could complement existing underwater communication approaches. Potential areas of interest include subsea infrastructure monitoring, wireless links involving underwater equipment and communications in environments where conventional RF transmission is impractical.

For marine technology developers and subsea operators, the ability to extend communication range without relying exclusively on acoustic links could offer additional flexibility in system design. However, the practical value will depend on further characterization of achievable range, data rates, reliability and performance under different environmental conditions.

The study does not establish that surface-plasmon RF communications can replace existing underwater systems. Instead, it identifies a promising propagation mechanism that merits further investigation and comparison with alternative wireless technologies. The authors also propose additional experiments to improve understanding of the observed phenomena and clarify the mechanisms behind the extended propagation distances.

The paper was presented at IEEE UComms 2026 in Sestri Levante, Italy, and added to IEEE Xplore on Oct. 15. It also lays out follow-on experiments to pin down where the method beats acoustic and optical links.

The paper can be accessed here.